Darko Milosevic, Dr.rer.nat./Dr.oec.

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Showing posts with label IoT. Show all posts
Showing posts with label IoT. Show all posts

Nemačka zaostaje u digitalizaciji ruralnih područja

Nemačka zaostaje u digitalizaciji ruralnih područja

Objavljeno : 21.11.2018. Štampa El. pošta bookmark

Dronovi koji nadgledaju polja, samohodni kombajni i traktori kojima u centimetar precizno upravlja GPS - to su obećanja poljoprivrede 4.0. Iza izraza "smart farming" i "precizna poljoprivreda" već odavno se krije obećanje efikasne upotrebe resursa i zaštite životne sredine. Međutim, iako je poljoprivreda već odavno područje visoke tehnologije, nemački poljoprivrednici imaju samo ograničen pristup tim mogućnostima, pošto u Nemačkoj kasni izgradnja širokopojasne mreže.

Na nemačkim poljima obećanja su za mnoge pojoprivrednike daleko od realnosti. Potpuna pokrivenost digitalnom širokopojasnom mrežom izvan nemačkih gradova pre je izuzetak nego pravilo. Prenošenje velikih količina podataka, poput onih koji su neophodni za "smart farming", ili upotreba modernih aplikacija za mnoge preduzetnike su još uvek samo pusti snovi.

Nemačka u Evropskoj Uniji komparativno važi za jednu od najjačih privreda i rado sebe vidi kao vodeću industrijsku naciju. Kada se, međutim, pogledaju neophodne pretpostavke u oblasti digitalne infrastrukture za industriju i poljoprivredu 4.0, to poređenje ne drži vodu.

I dok je u Švedskoj više od 60, a u Španiji više od 45% domaćinstava optičkim kablovima povezano na brzi internet, tom vrstom interneta u Nemačkoj može da se pohvali svega 2,3% domaćinstava. Da takva situacija ima posledice u ruralnim područjima pokazuje najnovija studija Nemačkog udruženja poljoprivrednika (DBV), prema kojoj je 77% poljoprivrednika nezadovoljno brzinom svoje internetske veze. To je 10% odsto više nego prošle godine, iako se situacija sa pristupom internetu ukupno donekle popravila.

"U pogledu pokrivenosti  mrežom, Nemačka je u donjem delu sredine tabele, što je katastrofalno. Bez odgovarajuće infrastrukture, poljoprivrednici ne mogu da primene nove tehnologije u meri u kojoj bi to želeli. To u krajnjoj instanci koči i konkurentnost našeg agrara", izjavio je Jozef Efken iz nemačkog Saveznog istraživačkog instituta za ruralne oblasti.

U poslednja dva legislativna mandata gotovo da nije bilo digitalnih reformi. Sada bi sve trebalo da izgleda drugačije. Kancelarka Angela Merkel ponovo je izgradnju digitalne mreže proglasila prioritetom. Čitavih 13 strana su vladajuće stranke u koalicionom ugovoru posvetile digitalizaciji.

Plan velike koalicije je da i do 12 milijardi evra bude uloženo u širenje mreže optičkih kablova, što bi do 2025. godine omogućilo izgradnju  rasprostranjene mreže za gigabitni internet i petu generaciju mobilne telefonije.

Velike ambicije u toj oblasti ima i Evropska unija, koja predviđa da do kraja 2020. godine 5G mobilna telefonija bude raspoloživa u najmanje jednom gradu u svakoj zemljiu članici, a do kraja 2025. godine na čitavoj njenoj teritoriji.

Napori vlade na izgradnji širokopojasne digitalne mreže ne garantuju, međutim, ni najmanje da će i poljoprivreda profitirati od brzog interneta. Tu je odlučujući faktor dodela mrežnih frekvencija. Provajderima se, naime, izgradnja mreže u slabo naseljenim ruralnim područjima finansijski ne isplati.

I dok su se u Francuskoj mrežni operateri u takvim situacijama dobrovoljno udružili, a država im zauzvrat dodelila znatno jeftinije licence, u Nemačkoj licence putem aukcije izdaje nadležna savezna agencija.

Predstavnici Nemačkog udruženja poljoprivrednika upozorili su da u ovom trenutku operateri mogu da izaberu najatraktivnije regione i da zato postoji opasnost da digitalni jaz između gusto naseljenih i ruralnih područja postane još veći.

Oni predlažu da se, kako ruralna područja naredne godine prilikom raspodele licenci ne bi bila zapostavljena, pronađe način da država subvencioniše provajdera koji bi širio mrežu u manje lukrativnim delovima zemlje.

Izvor: EURACTIV.de

Foto: Beta

Big Data for Internet of Things: A Survey

Big Data for Internet of Things: A Survey

Highlights

•
Analyzed the state-of-the-art Big Data research in IoT.
•
Compared the Big Data technologies across eight IoT domains such as healthcare, transportation, agriculture etc.
•
Suggested which Big Data technologies can possibly be used in which IoT domain.
•
Interpreted the Big Data research and application opportunities in eight IoT domains.
•
Discussed the pros and cons of Big Data technologies in IoT domains.

Abstract

With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data technologies have emerged as a critical data analytics tool to bring the knowledge within IoT infrastructures to better meet the purpose of the IoT systems and support critical decision making. Although the topic of Big Data analytics itself is extensively researched, the disparity between IoT domains (such as healthcare, energy, transportation and others) has isolated the evolution of Big Data approaches in each IoT domain. Thus, the mutual understanding across IoT domains can possibly advance the evolution of Big Data research in IoT.
In this work, we therefore conduct a survey on Big Data technologies in different IoT domains to facilitate and stimulate knowledge sharing across the IoT domains. Based on our review, this paper discusses the similarities and differences among Big Data technologies used in different IoT domains, suggests how certain Big Data technology used in one IoT domain can be re-used in another IoT domain, and develops a conceptual framework to outline the critical Big Data technologies across all the reviewed IoT domains.

Keywords

Big Data
Data analytics
Internet of Things
Healthcare
Energy
Transportation
Building automation
Smart Cities
Dr. Mouzhi Ge is an Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Informatics of the Masaryk University in Czech Republic. Prior to that, he has worked as an Assistant Professor at the Free University of Bolzano in Italy, as a Senior Researcher at the Bundeswehr University Munich in Germany, as an IT Manager at the Oxbridge Investment Ltd. in the UK, as a Postdoctoral Researcher at the Technical University Dortmund in Germany, and as a Visiting Researcher at the University of Milano Bicocca in Italy. He obtained his Ph.D. from the Dublin City University in Ireland in 2009. His research is mainly focused on Big Data, Intelligent Systems, IoT, and Data Management. He has been served as a program committee member and reviewer for different conferences (such as WWW, ICIS, ECIS, SIGIR, ACM SAC, ACM UMAP, EDBT, RecSys etc.) and journals (such as TOIS, IEEE TKDE and JECR etc.). His papers have been published in various International Journals such as International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, Journal of Computer Information Systems, and International Journal of Semantic Computing.
Hind Bangui is currently a Ph.D. student with the Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Laboratory of the Cadi Ayyad University (UCAM) in Morocco. Her research is mainly focused on Mobile cloud computing. She continues with related topic as an exchange Erasmus Ph.D. student with the Laboratory of Software Architectures and Information Systems (LaSArIS) at the Faculty of Informatics of the Masaryk University in Czech Republic. At the same time, she is involved in Big Data project with the Institute of Computer Science of the Masaryk University in Czech Republic.
Dr. Barbora Bühnová is an Assistant Professor in the Faculty of Informatics of the Masaryk University in Czech Republic. She received her Ph.D. degree in computer science at Masaryk University in Brno, Czech Republic in 2008, for application of formal methods in software architecture design. She continued with related topics as a postdoc researcher at University of Karlsruhe and Research Center for Information Technology (FZI) in Karlsruhe, Germany, and later at Swinburne University of Technology in Melbourne, Australia. She has been involved in organization of numerous top conferences (e.g. ICSE, ICSA, ESEC-FSE, QoSA, CBSE, MOBILESoft) and acts as a reviewer and guest editor in multiple journals (e.g. IEEE TSE, Elsevier SCP, Elsevier JSS, Springer SoSyM, Wiley SME). Her papers have been published in various International Journals such as IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, Journal of Systems and Software, and Software and Systems Modeling.
 
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